Waste – shipments – physical protection

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  • 2024:02 Earthquake stationarity and distributed fault displacements, Forsmark repository site

    SSM perspective Background and objective Large earthquakes occur predominantly along plate boundaries. Due to this, much of the research have been directed towards this tectonic setting. Also, the general lack of seismicity data in stable continental interiors, such as the Baltic Shield, have impeded estimations, as well as the understanding, of the seismic hazard in these tectonic settings.

    Content type: Publications
  • 2023:14 Effect of gamma-irradiation on the redox states of the structural iron in bentonite clay

    SSM perspective Background Bentonite clay is used as buffer and backfill material which form engineered barrier in the spent fuel repository. The buffer material surrounding the copper canister will be exposed to gamma and neutron radiations, especially during the first few hundred years after closure of the repository. The redox states of the structural iron in montmorillonite, the dominant...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2023:11 Study of degradation of spent fuel’s structural material and core components under long-term wet storage

    SSM perspective Background Sweden is managing the spent nuclear fuel and core components from its commercial nuclear reactors with a national strategic plan. The fuel and core components are initially stored at the reactor site. After an on-site storage period to comply with transportation limits on decay heat and radiation, these materials are shipped to the Clab (Central Interim Storage...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2023:04 Kingdom of Sweden ARTEMIS Self-assessment Report 2023

    Foreword In January 2018, the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, SSM, submitted a request to the IAEA on behalf of the Swedish Government for international peer reviews to be conducted of the Swedish national frameworks for nuclear safety regulation (IRRS) and the safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste (ARTEMIS). In dialogue with the IAEA, and in support of the then Swedish...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2022:08 Geophysical surveys on sub marine land- and rock slides and on alpine glaciers

    SSM perspective Background The future climate evolution and the impact it might have on a repository for radioactive waste is important when assessing the long-term safety. In a project funded by SSM (Holmlund et al. 2016), bathymetric data from the Southern Quark area between Sweden and Åland, provided by the Swedish Maritime Administration, were analysed, as well as terrestrial data from...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2020:01 Sulphide-induced stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen absorption incopper exposed to sulphide and chloride containing deoxygenated water at 90°C

    SSM perspective Background The concept that the Swedish nuclear power industry plans to utilise for the final disposal spent nuclear fuel is called KBS-3 method, which is based on three different barriers to prevent spreading of radioactive substances: copper canisters, bentonite buffers and the surrounding Swedish bedrock. In the current KBS-3 design, the spent nuclear fuel will be placed in...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2019:24 SSM's external experts' review of SKB's analysis of long-term safety of 1BMA (SFR)

    SSM perspective Background Fractures in the concrete barrier of the rock vault 1BMA in the final repository for low and intermediate level waste (SFR) have been observed. The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) enforced Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) to assess the long-term radiological consequences of 1BMA (SSM2015-2432-26) given the present state of the rock...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2019:22 Technical Note, SSM’s external experts’ reviews of SKB’s report on supplementary information on canister integrity issues

    SSM perspective Background The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) reviews the Swedish Nuclear Fuel Company’s (SKB) applications under the Act on Nuclear Activities (SFS 1984:3) for the construction and operation of a repository for spent nuclear fuel and for an encapsulation facility. As part of the review, SSM commissions consultants to carry out work in order to obtain information on...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2019:16 SSM’s external experts’ reviews of SKB’s safety assessment SR-PSU

    – consequence analysis and hydrogeological aspects Main review phase...

    Content type: Publications
  • 2018:21 Research on Resaturation of Bentonite Buffer

    Background Resaturation processes in the bentonite buffer in a KBS-3 type repository for spent nuclear fuel are complicated and are often illustrated, analysed and modelled multi-disciplinarily as coupled thermal (T), hydrological (H) and mechanical (M) processes with multi-phase flow, elastoplastic evolution in a swelling porous medium. Previous THM-modelling showed that the re-saturation...

    Content type: Publications